This fuel injection example demonstrates the ability to integrate a broad range of engineering disciplines to model a complete mechatronic system. This includes a DC motor/pump and pressure regulator system, an electro-hydraulic fuel injector, and a mixed-signal (analog + digital) drive circuit that regulates the injector current.

The design shows the ability to reduce the current after injection-start, for the purpose of improved efficiency. This leverages a characteristic that is common to electro-magnets, in that a lower current is needed to "hold" the magnet closed than is needed for "pull-in".

An alternate pressure regulation design, that varies the voltage of the pump to control the outlet pressure, is show in this companion design: https://www.systemvision.com/design/direct-fuel-pressure-regulation-pump-drive-control