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Member of the PartQuest Explore Development Team. Focused on modeling and simulation of analog, mixed-signal and multi-discipline systems covering a broad range of applications, including power electronics, controls and mechatronic systems.

Description

This example is intended to show relevant modeling and simulation capabilities of SystemVision Cloud, for electrodynamic energy harvesting (EH) systems. It is not necessarily a practical EH design itself, but rather demonstrates the tool's ability to support knowledgeable users who are creating practical designs.

The mechanical and magnetic circuit sections of the model are composed of "physical" models, in that user can directly specify size and physical properties of the components. This includes the mass of the armature, the stiffness of the resonant spring, the cross section area and length of the magnetic core, the residual flux density of the permanent magnet, and the number of winding turns.

The electronics section (rectifier and boost converter) contains a mix of passive analog circuit elements as well as abstract or "math block" models to represent the state-average (non-switching) behavior of the converter. Finally, constant power load model represents the power demand for periodic transmission of data typical of an (I)IoT sensor node.

In the simulation results displayed on the schematic, the upper right waveform viewer shows the amplitude of the external vibration source (e.g. a motor or transformer housing) of 0.07mm peak at 60 Hz, equivalent to a peak acceleration of 1g (light-blue waveform). The armature spring-mass resonance frequency is 60 Hz, so the armature displacement is seen to reach the frame's travel limit of 4mm peak-to-peak (green waveform).

In the upper left, the two waveform viewers are zoomed-in near the 1 second simulation time mark, and they show the air-gap lengths and the corresponding core flux density and winding voltage. Note that the air-gaps are configured in parallel for the flux path, so the effective path reluctance is minimized when either gap approaches zero length.

In the lower right, the relatively low value of the rectified "DC" voltage is observed (red waveform), as well as the regulated boost output voltage that supplies the transmitter load.

NCV887601BSTGEVB - Evaluation Board Test

YutoAmano
Designer123151

YutoAmano

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7 years 5 months

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Description

This design is a “Virtual Evaluation Board”. It represents the physical evaluation board for the NCV8876 Automotive Start-Stop Boost Controller IC, which is available from ON Semiconductor here:http://www.onsemi.com/PowerSolutions/evalBoard.do?id=NCV887601BSTGEVB,The schematic includes all of the components on the evaluation board, as well as user specified external test apparatus. The user can perform virtual testing on the NCV8876 component, to gain a better understanding of its features and behavior. Please see the related blog article, which describes this component's application and benefits:https://www.systemvision.com/blog/automotive-start-stop-%E2%80%A6-keep-lights-june-13-2016Simulation results show the output to the load during a fast battery drop-out and recovery. Note that in this particular test set-up, the output voltage (red waveform) is maintained above 6.3V during the drop-out transient, and regulates at 6.8V during sustained low voltage operation (2.6V, blue waveform).Also shown are the current in the N-channel Power MOSFET (brown waveform), and the current in the Vishay-Dale soft-saturation inductor (purple waveform). For this boost application, the soft-saturation behavior helps prevent inductance collapse during brief over-current conditions. The datasheet for the IHLP5050FDER2R2M01 can be found here: http://www.vishay.com/docs/34123/ihlp5050fd01.pdfNote that the user can move the waveform probes around to see the voltage waveform on any other nets (i.e. “wires”), or the current, power and other signals inside any component. The user can also make a copy of this design and freely change any of the component values, then rerun the simulation and see the effect of those changes.

Booster TEST

VctorJavierBatista
Designer122356

VctorJavierBatista

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7 years 5 months

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Joule Thief High Voltage

EvenStephen
Designer121821

EvenStephen

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7 years 5 months

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NCV8876 - Automotive Start-Stop Boost Controller

GaryW
Designer121191

GaryW

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7 years 5 months

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Description

This example shows the performance of an ON Semiconductor NCV8876 Automotive Grade Start-Stop Boost Controller:http://www.onsemi.com/pub_link/Collateral/NCV8876-D.PDFFor vehicles with Start-Stop capability, the engine (ICE) is turned off during idle periods, for the purpose of fuel economy. But low-voltage nuisance drop-out of key electronic functions must be avoided during engine re-start. The NCV8876 is designed specifically for this purpose. It uses current-mode control, with many integrated functions to reduce the complexity of the external boost circuit.Simulation results show the output to the load during battery drop-out and recovery. Note that in this application, the output voltage (dark blue waveform) is maintained above 6.4V during the drop-out transient, and regulates at 6.8V during sustained low voltage (4V) battery operation (orange waveform).This circuit also demonstrates the value of soft-saturation inductor components from Coilcraft:http://www.coilcraft.com/pdfs/Doc1140_Beyond_the_data_sheet_Part1.pdfThe load current for the XAL4030-332 inductor in this application is 4A during nominal 12V operation. But during boost operation, the current reaches 6.6A peak (light blue waveform). This could saturate a typical inductor if it were sized for the nominal load, resulting in a collapse of the effective inductance. But notice that the actual instantaneous inductance (green waveform) only drops to 2.2uH, for this nominal 3.3uH part. This relatively small percentage drop in inductance can easily be accommodated by the converter design.

NCV8876 - Automotive Start-Stop Boost Controller

Alfonso
Designer110486

Alfonso

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7 years 7 months

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Description

This example shows the performance of an ON Semiconductor NCV8876 Automotive Grade Start-Stop Boost Controller:http://www.onsemi.com/pub_link/Collateral/NCV8876-D.PDFFor vehicles with Start-Stop capability, the engine (ICE) is turned off during idle periods, for the purpose of fuel economy. But low-voltage nuisance drop-out of key electronic functions must be avoided during engine re-start. The NCV8876 is designed specifically for this purpose. It uses current-mode control, with many integrated functions to reduce the complexity of the external boost circuit.Simulation results show the output to the load during battery drop-out and recovery. Note that in this application, the output voltage (dark blue waveform) is maintained above 6.4V during the drop-out transient, and regulates at 6.8V during sustained low voltage (4V) battery operation (orange waveform).This circuit also demonstrates the value of soft-saturation inductor components from Coilcraft:http://www.coilcraft.com/pdfs/Doc1140_Beyond_the_data_sheet_Part1.pdfThe load current for the XAL4030-332 inductor in this application is 4A during nominal 12V operation. But during boost operation, the current reaches 6.6A peak (light blue waveform). This could saturate a typical inductor if it were sized for the nominal load, resulting in a collapse of the effective inductance. But notice that the actual instantaneous inductance (green waveform) only drops to 2.2uH, for this nominal 3.3uH part. This relatively small percentage drop in inductance can easily be accommodated by the converter design.

Boost Basic Demo

ProgrammableSolution
Designer91306

ProgrammableSolution

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7 years 9 months

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NCV8876 - Overcurrent Protection

Darrell
Designer10

Darrell

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10 years 10 months

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Big fan of VHDL-AMS

Description

This example demonstrates the overcurrent protection capabilities of the ON Semiconductor NCV8876. It complements the design: https://www.systemvision.com/design/ncv8876-automotive-start-stop-boost-controller, which shows the performance of the device in normal operation. But in this design, the inductor element proves inadequate for boost operation under a heavy load condition. Inductance collapse, caused by core saturation, could lead to damaging peak current levels in multiple electronic components, were it not for the “hiccup-mode” overcurrent protection feature of the NCV8876. Simulation results show that the boost output voltage (dark blue waveform) falls to approximately 5V when the battery voltage (orange waveform) drops to 6V. This is in contrast to the nominal circuit operation, in which the NCV8876 would enter boost control mode and maintains a 6.8V boost output level. But because of the low drop-out voltage of the NCV59302 VLDO, the 5V regulated output voltage is only slightly reduced. The current through the 2.3 Ohm load resistor is maintained at just under 2.2A throughout the entire operation.While this load level is within the current rating of the inductor (2.3A RMS Max.), it is approaching the saturation inductance “cliff” for this traditional (i.e. non-soft-saturating) part. So when the NCV8876 activates boost control, it switches on the Power MOSFET briefly, effectively grounding the low side of the inductor through the small current sense resistance (0.03 Ohms). With the nominal 3.3uH inductance value, this would result in a slow current build-up (V/L = di/dt = 6V/3.3uH = 1.8A/us). But in this case the inductance collapses with further current increase, and the di/dt value becomes very large. The inductor current spikes to well over 10A (light blue waveform), and the corresponding inductance crashes to a small fraction of its nominal value (green waveform).The current spikes could have gone much higher, possibly resulting in damage to the NVGS3130 Power MOSFET, which has a rated pulse current maximum of 19A. In the zoomed-in view, the magenta waveform shows the Ids current rising, slowly at first while the inductance is intact, but then rapidly rising to over 11A as the inductance collapses, all in just 100ns! Fortunately the gate voltage (brown waveform) is cut off to prevent further current rise. This is thanks to the overcurrent protection feature of the NCV8876. When an overcurrent condition is detected, the device immediately goes into “hiccup-mode”, in which the gate drive is turned off and remains off for a count of 1024 clock cycles. After the mandatory hiccup period, the NCV8876 reattempts boost operation, but with continued overcurrent monitoring. Note that the current spikes are repeated with just over a 2ms period, because the clock is programmed to just over 2 us period (450 kHz switching frequency) in this design.To learn more about the capabilities of the ON Semiconductor NCV8876, click here: http://www.onsemi.com/pub_link/Collateral/NCV8876-D.PDFTo learn more about the benefits of Coilcraft's molded core soft saturation technology for reducing problems with current spikes, see page 4 of this document: http://www.coilcraft.com/pdfs/Doc1140_Beyond_the_data_sheet_Part1.pdf

NCV887601BSTGEVB - Evaluation Board Test

Darrell
Designer10

Darrell

Member for

10 years 10 months

624

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Big fan of VHDL-AMS

Description

This design is a “Virtual Evaluation Board”. It represents the physical evaluation board for the NCV8876 Automotive Start-Stop Boost Controller IC, which is available from ON Semiconductor here:http://www.onsemi.com/PowerSolutions/evalBoard.do?id=NCV887601BSTGEVB,The schematic includes all of the components on the evaluation board, as well as user specified external test apparatus. The user can perform virtual testing on the NCV8876 component, to gain a better understanding of its features and behavior. Please see the related blog article, which describes this component's application and benefits:https://www.systemvision.com/blog/automotive-start-stop-%E2%80%A6-keep-lights-june-13-2016Simulation results show the output to the load during a fast battery drop-out and recovery. Note that in this particular test set-up, the output voltage (red waveform) is maintained above 6.3V during the drop-out transient, and regulates at 6.8V during sustained low voltage operation (2.6V, blue waveform).Also shown are the current in the N-channel Power MOSFET (brown waveform), and the current in the Vishay-Dale soft-saturation inductor (purple waveform). For this boost application, the soft-saturation behavior helps prevent inductance collapse during brief over-current conditions. The datasheet for the IHLP5050FDER2R2M01 can be found here: http://www.vishay.com/docs/34123/ihlp5050fd01.pdfNote that the user can move the waveform probes around to see the voltage waveform on any other nets (i.e. “wires”), or the current, power and other signals inside any component. The user can also make a copy of this design and freely change any of the component values, then rerun the simulation and see the effect of those changes.

NCV887601BSTGEVB - Evaluation Board Test Darrell

Darrell
Designer10

Darrell

Member for

10 years 10 months

624

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Big fan of VHDL-AMS

Description

This design is a “Virtual Evaluation Board”. It represents the physical evaluation board for the NCV8876 Automotive Start-Stop Boost Controller IC, which is available from ON Semiconductor here:http://www.onsemi.com/PowerSolutions/evalBoard.do?id=NCV887601BSTGEVB,The schematic includes all of the components on the evaluation board, as well as user specified external test apparatus. The user can perform virtual testing on the NCV8876 component, to gain a better understanding of its features and behavior. Please see the related blog article, which describes this component's application and benefits:https://www.systemvision.com/blog/automotive-start-stop-%E2%80%A6-keep-lights-june-13-2016Simulation results show the output to the load during a fast battery drop-out and recovery. Note that in this particular test set-up, the output voltage (red waveform) is maintained above 6.3V during the drop-out transient, and regulates at 6.8V during sustained low voltage operation (2.6V, blue waveform).Also shown are the current in the N-channel Power MOSFET (brown waveform), and the current in the Vishay-Dale soft-saturation inductor (purple waveform). For this boost application, the soft-saturation behavior helps prevent inductance collapse during brief over-current conditions. The datasheet for the IHLP5050FDER2R2M01 can be found here: http://www.vishay.com/docs/34123/ihlp5050fd01.pdfNote that the user can move the waveform probes around to see the voltage waveform on any other nets (i.e. “wires”), or the current, power and other signals inside any component. The user can also make a copy of this design and freely change any of the component values, then rerun the simulation and see the effect of those changes.